Since 2000, there have been impressive gains in malaria control. An estimated 6.8 million lives have been saved world-wide, a function of elevated political commitment and enhanced international mobilization. Despite this progress, malaria is still a leading cause of death in many developing countries. Against this backdrop, a new consensus has taken shape around the need to transition from emergency control to an overarching goal of global elimination of the disease. GHPC has conducted in-depth analysis of pivotal opportunities and challenges in the field of malaria control and elimination. As one of the largest international sources of malaria financing, the U.S. has the opportunity to lead the fight against malaria politically, scientifically, and institutionally.