Related Efforts

Explore research and analysis on issues related to the gray zone across regional and functional CSIS programs.

 
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March 27, 2019 | By Heather A. ConleyDonatienne Ruy

Some countries have enabled Russian malign economic influence to flow through their systems and across Europe. This feeds the Kremlin’s cycle of influence, weakens democratic structures in Europe, and threatens U.S. and transatlantic security.

 
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October 13, 2016 | By Heather A. Conley

There was a deeply held assumption that, when the countries of Central and Eastern Europe joined NATO and the European Union in 2004, these countries would continue their positive democratic and economic transformation.