Nuclear Issues

CSIS’s Project on Nuclear Issues analyze nuclear policy issues including deterrence, escalation, and arms control, and is the leading network of nuclear policy professionals.

Photo: ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images

Photo: ARIF ALI/AFP via Getty Images

What Led to the Recent Crisis Between India and Pakistan?

India and Pakistan’s recent crisis highlights how rapidly tensions can escalate to a dangerous level, marking a new era of conflict between the two nuclear-armed neighbors. The region should develop off-ramps and strengthen confidence-building measures.

Critical Questions by Diya Ashtakala — May 20, 2025

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Williams

Heather Williams

Director, Project on Nuclear Issues and Senior Fellow, Defense and Security Department
Victor Cha

Victor Cha

President, Geopolitics and Foreign Policy Department and Korea Chair
Joseph Rodgers

Joseph Rodgers

Deputy Director and Fellow, Project on Nuclear Issues

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PONI Live Debate: AI Integration in NC3

The CSIS Project on Nuclear Issues hosted a live debate between ASP senior associate Sarah Mineiro and CNAS executive vice president and director of studies Paul Scharre on AI integration in NC3.

Transcript — January 24, 2025

On the Horizon Vol. 7

The 2024 PONI Nuclear Scholars explore shifts in states’ nuclear arsenals and strategies, the effects of the Ukraine war on nuclear dynamics, and the transformative power of emerging tech on nuclear decisionmaking, offering fresh insights and innovative solutions.

Report by Doreen Horschig — December 19, 2024

Updating Nuclear Command, Control, and Communication

Nuclear command and control will be an essential piece of nuclear modernization plans. To confront two-peer competition, the United States should stay apace with modernization plans and will require constant innovation.

Commentary by Heather Williams — December 10, 2024

What Does India’s Hypersonic Missile Test Mean?

On November 16, India announced the test launch of its first long-range hypersonic missile. This missile makes India one of the few nuclear-armed countries to possess this technology, highlighting the intensifying global race for hypersonic technology.

Critical Questions by Diya Ashtakala — December 2, 2024

Report Launch: Project Atom 2024

Please join the CSIS Project on Nuclear Issues (PONI) on Wednesday, November 20, 2024 at 9:00 am ET, for the launch of its report, Project Atom 2024. 

Event — November 20, 2024

Report Launch: Project Atom 2024

The CSIS Project on Nuclear Issues launched its comprehensive report, Project Atom 2024, which uses a competitive strategies approach to explore challenges associated with intrawar deterrence and consists of five alternative strategies for responding to strategic deterrence failure.

Transcript — November 20, 2024

Project Atom 2024: Intra-War Deterrence in a Two-Peer Environment

There is a growing risk that U.S. adversaries might resort to nuclear use in a regional conflict. To help address for this threat, the Project on Nuclear Issues invited a group of experts to develop competing strategies for responding to strategic deterrence failure.

Report by Heather Williams, Reja Younis, Lachlan MacKenzie, Christopher A. Ford, Rebecca Davis Gibbons, Ankit Panda, Melanie W. Sisson, and Gregory Weaver — November 18, 2024