European Union

Uniting 27 disjointed countries, the European Union is the world’s only democratic experiment in both supranational and intergovernmental governance, transforming the geopolitical landscape of the twenty-first century. In trade deals, digital rules, energy strategy, defense policy, and transatlantic bonds, it has become a powerhouse in shaping global norms. As geopolitical rivalries intensify, CSIS examines the influence of each member, the United States, and adversaries on how the European Union seeks to reignite trust in the European project—at home and abroad.

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Max Bergmann

Max Bergmann

Director, Europe, Russia, and Eurasia Program and Stuart Center

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The European Union in the New Trade Disorder

As protectionism rises and the WTO falters, global trade is being rewired, not collapsing. New hubs centered on the European Union and the CPTPP are reshaping flows, rules, and alliances—and Europe is positioning itself as a leader in a more fragmented but still rules-based system.

Commentary by Federico Steinberg — May 1, 2026

Hungary After Orbán: The Hard Road Back to Democracy

The road back to democracy from authoritarianism is a difficult one, filled with fits and starts that thwart even the best attempts; Hungary holds some lessons for others trying to walk that path back to democracy.

Commentary by Andrew Friedman and Donatienne Ruy — April 27, 2026

The Eurofile

The End of Orbán and Europe's Energy Crunch

Max and Donatienne discuss Hungary and Bulgaria's recent elections before turning to Max’s conversation with Ben McWilliams, affiliate fellow at Bruegel, on the energy fallout from the Iran war.

Podcast Episode by Max Bergmann and Donatienne Ruy — April 24, 2026

CSIS
The Eurofile

Iran War Fallout and Hungary's Pivotal Election

Max and Donatienne discuss the Iran war and this week’s Hungarian election before turning to a conversation with Federico Steinberg on the war's economic costs for Europe.

Podcast Episode by Max Bergmann, Donatienne Ruy, and Federico Steinberg — April 9, 2026

CSIS
The Eurofile

Previewing Hungary’s Election: Will Orbán Be Defeated?

Max and Donatienne are joined by Zselyke Csaky, senior research fellow at the Centre for European Reform, to preview the Hungarian election on April 12.

Podcast Episode by Max Bergmann and Donatienne Ruy — April 2, 2026

CSIS
Russian Roulette

How the Iran War and the Price of Oil Impact the Kremlin's Calculus

Max and Maria are joined by Hanna Notte and Janis Kluge for a deep dive on how the Iran war and turmoil in global energy markets continue to impact Russian foreign policy.

Podcast Episode by Max Bergmann, Maria Snegovaya, Hanna Notte, and Janis Kluge — April 2, 2026

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