Expanding India’s Role in the International Semiconductor Ecosystem

Photo: David Talukdar/NurPhoto/Getty Images

Photo: David Talukdar/NurPhoto/Getty Images

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India is positioning itself as an increasingly important node in the global semiconductor ecosystem, building on its established strengths in chip design and deep pool of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) talent. Backed by significant government initiatives and growing international partnerships, India is expanding capabilities in manufacturing, advanced packaging, and precompetitive research. These efforts come at a time when global semiconductor supply chains remain highly concentrated, creating opportunities for India to contribute to diversification and resilience. 

At the same time, India faces structural challenges—including infrastructure gaps, regulatory complexity, and workforce constraints—that will shape the pace and scale of its progress. If successfully addressed, India could strengthen its domestic electronics sector, reduce reliance on imports, and play a larger strategic role in allied technology ecosystems. Its trajectory will have important implications not only for its own economic growth but also for global semiconductor supply chain resilience and geopolitical stability.

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India, Technology and Innovation, Economic Security, and Geopolitics and International Security

Jeffrey D. Bean

Fellow, Technology Policy and Editor, Observer Research Foundation

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